Threat: A threat is any potential danger that could exploit a vulnerability to cause harm to an asset or organisation. It can come in various forms, such as malicious attacks, natural disasters, or human errors.
Risk: Risk refers to the likelihood that a threat will exploit a vulnerability and cause damage. It encompasses both the probability of an adverse event occurring and the potential impact of that event on an organisation.
Vulnerability: A vulnerability is a weakness or flaw in a system, network, or application that can be exploited by threats. Vulnerabilities can arise from various factors, including software bugs, misconfigurations, or inadequate security controls.
Event: An event is any observable occurrence in a system or network. In cybersecurity, events can include user logins, file accesses, or network traffic. Not all events are security-related, but they can indicate a security issue if they are abnormal or suspicious.
Incident: An incident is an event or series of events that compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of an information asset. Incidents require a response and can range from minor issues to significant breaches.
Data Breach: A data breach is a specific type of incident where unauthorised access to sensitive data occurs, leading to its exposure or theft. Data breaches can have severe consequences for organisations, including financial losses, reputational damage, and legal repercussions.
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